- Tear the oyster mushrooms into medium, wing-sized pieces, keeping some of the stem base intact to hold clusters together. 
- In a bowl, combine the plant-based milk and lemon juice or vinegar. Let it sit for 5 minutes to curdle slightly and form a vegan buttermilk. 
- In a separate bowl, whisk together the plain flour, cornflour, garlic powder, smoked paprika, salt and black pepper. 
- Dip each mushroom piece into the buttermilk, then dredge in the flour mixture to coat thoroughly. Press gently to help the coating stick, then set aside. 
- Preheat the air fryer to 200°C (392°F). Arrange the mushrooms in a single layer, spray or brush lightly with olive oil, and air-fry for 10–12 minutes, flipping halfway and brushing or spraying again, until crisp and lightly golden. 
- To make the buffalo glaze, mix together the hot sauce, olive oil, and maple syrup (if using) in a small bowl until smooth. 
- Toss the crispy mushrooms in the buffalo sauce until evenly coated, then return them to the air fryer and cook for a further 6 minutes at 200°C (392°F), until glazed and crisp at the edges. 
- To prepare the vegan ranch, whisk together the yoghurt, vegan mayo, lemon juice, garlic powder, dill, chives or parsley, salt and pepper. Add a little water if needed to reach a creamy, pourable consistency. 
- Serve the buffalo mushrooms hot with the ranch sauce on the side for dipping. Garnish with fresh herbs if desired.